Guest Post: 40th Anniversary of the Voting Rights Act

Posted by Josh McConaha on August 5, 2005 at 04:10 PM

As our final guest blogger this week commemerating the tomorrow's anniversary of the Voting Rights Act, we have Congressman Charles A. Gonzalez from Texas.

VRA 40thTomorrow marks the 40th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act. Initially adopted by Congress and signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965 to guarantee that no person would be denied the right to vote because of race or color, the Voting Rights Act is considered by many the most successful piece of civil rights legislation ever adopted by the United States Congress.

As part of the 1975 reauthorization of the law, the Voting Rights Act was expanded to include Hispanics through a new requirement that all ballots be language appropriate, thus enfranchising millions of Spanish speaking voters. At that time, about two and a half million Latinos were registered to vote. Today there are 9.3 million Latinos registered to vote, with over 7.5 million Latinos casting a ballot in the 2004 presidential election.

The number of people relying on the protections offered by the Voting Rights Act is growing. That is why I believe we need a 25 year extension of the Voting Rights Act, and why we should take this opportunity to improve language provisions in the law.

Currently, Section 203 of the VRA requires certain jurisdictions to provide bilingual assistance to language minority citizens at all stages of the voting process and in all elections to guarantee that limited English proficient voters can participate in the political process.

I intend to work with my colleagues in the House of Representatives to improve this section by allowing the use of the Census Bureau's American Community Service data at five year intervals between each decennial census for determining whether a jurisdiction meets the threshold for being subject to Section 203.

In addition, we should expand coverage of language minority provisions by changing the formula used to determine which jurisdictions are required to provide language assistance, so that jurisdictions with at least 7,500 voting age citizens who speak a particular language recognized by the Voting Rights Act will able to receive ballots and other election materials in their language. Currently a jurisdiction needs 10,000 such citizens to trigger the provisions of Section 203.

Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act requires certain jurisdictions to submit changes in their electoral practices to the Department of Justice for "preclearance." This requirement has prevented jurisdictions from changing district lines or election procedures in a manner that discriminates against minority voters. We need to maintain the protections offered through Section 5, and we should expand its reach by allowing for objections to a change in district boundaries in cases where there is an intention to discriminate against minority voters.

Even though the right to vote is the story of our nation, today we often take for granted the Voting Rights Act and how it radically changed the administration and conduct of elections in this country. We no longer have poll taxes or literacy tests, yet with every election we are reminded of why we still need the protections offered by the Voting Rights Act.

--Congressman Charles A. Gonzalez

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